My local guy is both, sorta. He'll have you shuffle the cards and he's starting to pick up stuff as soon as you sit down it seems. He'll take the shuffled deck from you and start laying down the cards, face down and starts reading. At some point he turns the cards over and starts reading from them, but he's gone on for as much as half the reading before he turns the cards over. He doesn't explain the cards very often. He started having to rely upon the cards more when got to know me pretty well and wasn't sure what it was he was picking up and what he already knew.